‘Cows and plows:’ The settlement over a broken Indigenous treaty shows the urgent need for more transparent governance – The Conversation
May 22, 2025
Members of the Tootinaowaziibeeng Treaty Reserve (TTR) in Manitoba recently voted to ratify the Treaty 4 Agricultural Benefits Settlement Agreement.
Commonly known as the “cows and plows” settlement, the agreement aims to address longstanding, unmet promises made by the British Crown in 1874 to TTR and other Indigenous communities in several treaties, including Treaty 4.
This settlement compensates Indigenous communities for agricultural support that was promised but never delivered.
